The Signal Layer: What to Build When Anything Can Be Built — Lena Hall, Akamai

Lena Hall explores the paradox of AI's abundance: while it grants immense leverage, it also makes average work valueless as competitors gain the same capabilities. She argues that AI, acting as a "convergence machine," produces identical answers from common knowledge. The true challenge shifts from building to "pointing"—deciding which problems are worth solving. Hall emphasizes that "taste" is trainable by AI, but genuine "judgment" about future events or unique customer relationships is not. She identifies critical points of signal distortion in startups and large organizations and advocates for engineering a "thin signal layer" to preserve unique intent. Ultimately, in a world of infinite alternatives, the scarcest and most valuable commodity is trust, which cannot be automated or graded.