An expert overview of post-training techniques for language models, covering the entire workflow from data generation and curation to advanced algorithms like Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), and Reinforcement Learning (RL), along with practical advice on evaluation and iteration.
This talk introduces Anaximander, a system designed to bridge the gap between traditional, GUI-driven Geographic Information System (GIS) workflows and modern, code-heavy machine learning practices. Anaximander integrates geospatial foundation models directly into QGIS, allowing experts to interactively orchestrate, run, and evaluate models for tasks like semantic segmentation and object detection on satellite imagery.
At Applied Compute, efficient Reinforcement Learning is critical for delivering business value. This talk explores the transition from inefficient synchronous RL to a high-throughput asynchronous 'Pipeline RL' system. The core challenge is managing 'staleness'—a side effect of in-flight weight updates that can destabilize training. The speakers detail their first-principles systems model, based on the Roofline model, used to simulate and find the optimal allocation of GPU resources between sampling and training, balancing throughput with algorithmic stability and achieving significant speedups.
Thomas Wolf, co-founder of Hugging Face, discusses his journey from physics to AI, the power of open-source models to accelerate innovation, the practical challenges of productionalizing AI demos, and why the biggest opportunities for founders now lie in the application layer on top of powerful foundation models.
Daren Fields, Co-Founder & CEO of Virtual Select, discusses the future of manufacturing, emphasizing the role of AI as a tool for human augmentation, not replacement. He explores how to modernize manufacturing by combining a carbon-based workforce with silicon-based systems to prevent defects, reduce costs, and de-risk execution.
The panel discusses Anthropic's Claude Cowork and the challenge of user trust in AI agents for everyday tasks. They then analyze the Apple-Google partnership to integrate Gemini into Siri, debating its implications for edge AI, privacy, and hardware limitations. Finally, they explore Linus Torvalds' use of AI for "vibe coding," considering its impact on hobbyist programming and entrepreneurship versus the current limitations in producing production-ready software.
Nikesh Arora, CEO of Palo Alto Networks, shares his unconventional journey and leadership philosophy. He provides a masterclass in building a multi-platform company through strategic M&A, explains why founders should sometimes ignore customers, and reveals how to lead with conviction while managing imposter syndrome.
Stewart Butterfield, co-founder of Slack and Flickr, shares the product frameworks and leadership principles that guided his success. He delves into concepts like "utility curves" for feature investment, the "owner's delusion" in product design, and why focusing on "comprehension" is often more important than reducing friction. He also introduces powerful mental models for organizational effectiveness, such as combating "hyper-realistic work-like activities" and applying Parkinson's Law to team growth.
Intuit CEO Sasan Goodarzi discusses the operational playbook for reinventing a 40-year-old company, from its slow transition to SaaS to its early adoption of AI. He shares insights on winning the SMB market by treating small businesses like consumers, building effective channel partnerships, and developing a platform strategy. Goodarzi also details his leadership philosophy, emphasizing that grit and curiosity are more critical than raw talent.
BlackRock engineers Vaibhav Page and Infant Vasanth introduce a modular, Kubernetes-native AI framework designed to accelerate the development of custom knowledge applications for investment operations, reducing deployment time from months to days.
An exploration of designing AI-native user experiences by treating AI systems as "coworkers." This summary covers a framework for AI interaction (invisible, ambient, inline, conversational), a design philosophy based on "feeling the material" and "courting emergence," and novel UX patterns for collaborative AI tools.
Sourcegraph CTO Beyang Liu discusses the evolution from chat-based coding assistants to autonomous AI agents like AMP. He explains how new models with tool-use and reasoning capabilities are creating a paradigm shift, moving developers from micromanaging AI to instructing it at a high level, dramatically increasing productivity by automating complex coding tasks.
General Partners from a16z analyze the current AI landscape, revealing that AI companies are growing faster and larger than anticipated. They discuss the fragmentation of the market, the innovator's dilemma facing SaaS incumbents, and the emergence of new moats like brand. The conversation emphasizes a shift from hype to tangible ROI, citing examples like Cursor, and outlines a nuanced investment strategy for a market defined by both unprecedented growth and rapid wipeouts.
A deep dive into why most enterprise GenAI pilots are failing, the debate around hidden system prompts in models like GPT-5, new research questioning the reliability of "chain of thought" reasoning, and the controversy over Anthropic's "AI welfare" justification for shutting down conversations.
A conversation with Bob Ransijn from Siemens exploring the evolution and application of system simulation, from its historical roots to its modern-day integration with multi-physics modeling, digital twins, and AI-driven reduced-order models for predictive maintenance and real-time analysis.
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