An expert overview of post-training techniques for language models, covering the entire workflow from data generation and curation to advanced algorithms like Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), and Reinforcement Learning (RL), along with practical advice on evaluation and iteration.
This talk introduces Anaximander, a system designed to bridge the gap between traditional, GUI-driven Geographic Information System (GIS) workflows and modern, code-heavy machine learning practices. Anaximander integrates geospatial foundation models directly into QGIS, allowing experts to interactively orchestrate, run, and evaluate models for tasks like semantic segmentation and object detection on satellite imagery.
At Applied Compute, efficient Reinforcement Learning is critical for delivering business value. This talk explores the transition from inefficient synchronous RL to a high-throughput asynchronous 'Pipeline RL' system. The core challenge is managing 'staleness'—a side effect of in-flight weight updates that can destabilize training. The speakers detail their first-principles systems model, based on the Roofline model, used to simulate and find the optimal allocation of GPU resources between sampling and training, balancing throughput with algorithmic stability and achieving significant speedups.
A deep dive into the key takeaways from CES 2026, covering the surge in humanoid robotics and the evolution of software-defined vehicles, followed by a nuanced analysis of the shifting US-China export controls on advanced AI chips.
Robert from OpenAI discusses the critical role of structured evaluations (evals) and graders for developing advanced collaborative agents. He explores the limitations of 'vibe-based' assessments, introduces a maturity model for evals, and presents a comprehensive rubric for measuring agent performance beyond simple accuracy, connecting these concepts to the power of Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT).
Karan Goel, CEO of Cartesia, discusses the fundamental limitations of Transformer architectures, arguing they behave more like retrieval systems than learning systems. He explains how State Space Models (SSMs) enable compression and abstraction, and why Cartesia is tackling multimodal intelligence by first solving for voice AI, aiming to develop a transferable 'recipe' for end-to-end representation learning.
Nikesh Arora, CEO of Palo Alto Networks, shares his unconventional journey and leadership philosophy. He provides a masterclass in building a multi-platform company through strategic M&A, explains why founders should sometimes ignore customers, and reveals how to lead with conviction while managing imposter syndrome.
Stewart Butterfield, co-founder of Slack and Flickr, shares the product frameworks and leadership principles that guided his success. He delves into concepts like "utility curves" for feature investment, the "owner's delusion" in product design, and why focusing on "comprehension" is often more important than reducing friction. He also introduces powerful mental models for organizational effectiveness, such as combating "hyper-realistic work-like activities" and applying Parkinson's Law to team growth.
Intuit CEO Sasan Goodarzi discusses the operational playbook for reinventing a 40-year-old company, from its slow transition to SaaS to its early adoption of AI. He shares insights on winning the SMB market by treating small businesses like consumers, building effective channel partnerships, and developing a platform strategy. Goodarzi also details his leadership philosophy, emphasizing that grit and curiosity are more critical than raw talent.
A deep dive into the challenges and solutions for efficient Reinforcement Learning (RL) in enterprise settings. The talk contrasts synchronous and asynchronous RL, explains the critical trade-off of "staleness" versus stability, and details a first-principles system model used to optimize GPU allocation for maximum throughput.
![Tensor Logic "Unifies" AI Paradigms [Pedro Domingos]](https://img.youtube.com/vi/4APMGvicmxY/maxresdefault.jpg)
Pedro Domingos introduces Tensor Logic, a new programming language designed to be the fundamental language for AI. It unifies the two major paradigms: the learning capabilities of deep learning (neural networks) and the transparent, verifiable reasoning of symbolic AI (logic programming), aiming to solve critical issues like hallucination and the opacity of current models.
Pedro Domingos introduces Tensor Logic, a new programming language designed to be the fundamental language for AI. It unifies the two major paradigms: the data-driven learning of deep learning and the verifiable reasoning of symbolic AI. By treating logical rules and tensor operations as the same underlying construct, Tensor Logic enables systems that can learn logical structures and perform transparent, deductive reasoning, directly addressing critical issues like model opacity and hallucination.
Pedro Domingos introduces Tensor Logic, a new programming language designed to unify the two major paradigms of AI—deep learning's ability to learn from data and symbolic AI's power of logical reasoning—into a single, elegant framework.
Edwin Chen, founder and CEO of Surge AI, discusses his contrarian, bootstrapped approach to building a billion-dollar company, the critical role of high-quality data and 'taste' in training advanced AI models, the pitfalls of current benchmarks, and why Reinforcement Learning environments are the next frontier in AI.
Edwin Chen, founder and CEO of Surge AI, discusses his contrarian approach to building a bootstrapped, billion-dollar company, the critical role of high-quality data and 'taste' in training AI, the flaws in current benchmarks, and why reinforcement learning environments are the next frontier for creating models that truly advance humanity.
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