An expert overview of post-training techniques for language models, covering the entire workflow from data generation and curation to advanced algorithms like Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), and Reinforcement Learning (RL), along with practical advice on evaluation and iteration.
This talk introduces Anaximander, a system designed to bridge the gap between traditional, GUI-driven Geographic Information System (GIS) workflows and modern, code-heavy machine learning practices. Anaximander integrates geospatial foundation models directly into QGIS, allowing experts to interactively orchestrate, run, and evaluate models for tasks like semantic segmentation and object detection on satellite imagery.
At Applied Compute, efficient Reinforcement Learning is critical for delivering business value. This talk explores the transition from inefficient synchronous RL to a high-throughput asynchronous 'Pipeline RL' system. The core challenge is managing 'staleness'—a side effect of in-flight weight updates that can destabilize training. The speakers detail their first-principles systems model, based on the Roofline model, used to simulate and find the optimal allocation of GPU resources between sampling and training, balancing throughput with algorithmic stability and achieving significant speedups.
A panel of university students from LSE, Princeton, Berkeley, and ASU discuss the real-world impact of AI on campus life. They cover how AI is used as both a powerful learning tool and a crutch, the innovative projects students are building, how universities are adapting, and the challenges of navigating cheating, job applications, and 'AI slop' in a rapidly changing educational landscape.
Explore how Temporal, a durable execution framework, brings resilience and scalability to AI agents built with the OpenAI Agents SDK. This summary covers Temporal's core concepts of Workflows and Activities, the official integration that makes OpenAI agents durable, and patterns for orchestrating multiple micro-agents.
This talk introduces 'structured dissent,' a multi-agent orchestration pattern where believer, skeptic, and neutral agents debate decisions to overcome the 'confidently wrong' failure mode of single-agent LLM systems, improving reliability for high-stakes tasks like cybersecurity analysis.
Nikesh Arora, CEO of Palo Alto Networks, shares his unconventional journey and leadership philosophy. He provides a masterclass in building a multi-platform company through strategic M&A, explains why founders should sometimes ignore customers, and reveals how to lead with conviction while managing imposter syndrome.
Stewart Butterfield, co-founder of Slack and Flickr, shares the product frameworks and leadership principles that guided his success. He delves into concepts like "utility curves" for feature investment, the "owner's delusion" in product design, and why focusing on "comprehension" is often more important than reducing friction. He also introduces powerful mental models for organizational effectiveness, such as combating "hyper-realistic work-like activities" and applying Parkinson's Law to team growth.
Intuit CEO Sasan Goodarzi discusses the operational playbook for reinventing a 40-year-old company, from its slow transition to SaaS to its early adoption of AI. He shares insights on winning the SMB market by treating small businesses like consumers, building effective channel partnerships, and developing a platform strategy. Goodarzi also details his leadership philosophy, emphasizing that grit and curiosity are more critical than raw talent.
Ben Smith and James Beswick explore the evolution of modern software architecture, discussing the critical role of workflow services in managing distributed systems, the trade-offs between microservices and monoliths, and the power of plugin architectures.
Sheamus McGovern outlines a multi-tiered skills hierarchy for AI and data professionals to navigate the future of work. He argues against fear-mongering, providing a practical roadmap that progresses from foundational GenAI prompting and advanced engineering to orchestration, human-centered skills, and the meta-skill of continuous learning, emphasizing the need to sunset old skills and build a personal brand.
Block CTO Dhanji R. Prasanna shares how the company is becoming AI-native. He discusses their internal open-source AI agent, Goose, which saves employees 8-10 hours weekly, how they measure productivity gains, and the organizational changes that have had an even greater impact than AI tooling.
Ben Lorica and Evangelos Simoudis discuss signals of an AI bubble, including runaway valuations and circular financing. They explore why many enterprise AI pilots fail and what separates successful adopters—namely, a focus on measurable use cases and organizational transformation—and offer a nuanced perspective on the US-China tech race, cautioning against underestimating China's progress in AI, robotics, and semiconductors.
Professor Chris Kempes of the Santa Fe Institute proposes a universal theory of life that transcends Earth-based biochemistry. He introduces a three-level framework (Materials, Constraints, Principles) to explain how abstract rules like evolution could define life on any substrate, including culture, language, or artificial intelligence, leading to the concept of convergent evolution where similar solutions, like the eye, emerge independently across different physical forms.
Kyle Corbett and Daniel from CoreWeave (formerly Openpipe) discuss the practical advantages of Reinforcement Learning (RL) over Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) for building reliable and efficient AI agents. They introduce Serverless RL, a new platform designed to eliminate the infrastructure complexities of RL training, and share a playbook for teams looking to get started.
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