Former researchers from OpenAI and Google DeepMind, Liam Fedus and Ekin Dogus Cubuk, discuss their new venture, Periodic Labs. They aim to create an 'AI physicist' by integrating large language models with real-world, iterative experiments, moving beyond simulation to solve fundamental challenges in physics and chemistry, starting with high-temperature superconductivity.
Richard Sutton, a foundational figure in reinforcement learning, argues that Large Language Models (LLMs) are a flawed paradigm for achieving true intelligence. He posits that LLMs are mimics of human-generated text, lacking genuine goals, world models, and the ability to learn continually from experience. Sutton advocates for a return to the principles of reinforcement learning, where an agent learns from the consequences of its actions in the real world, a method he believes is truly scalable and fundamental to all animal and human intelligence.
OpenAI’s Chief Scientist, Jakub Pachocki, and Chief Research Officer, Mark Chen, discuss the research behind GPT-5, the push toward long-horizon reasoning, and the grand vision of an automated researcher. They cover how OpenAI evaluates progress beyond saturated benchmarks, the surprising durability of reinforcement learning, and the culture required to protect fundamental research while shipping world-class products.
Andrew Rabinovich, CTO and Head of AI at Upwork, details their strategy for building AI agents for digital work. He introduces a custom reinforcement learning approach called RLEF (Reinforcement Learning from Experience), explains why digital work marketplaces are ideal training grounds, and shares his vision for a future where AI delivers finished projects, orchestrated by a meta-agent named Uma.
Sergey Levine, co-founder of Physical Intelligence, outlines the path to general-purpose robots, predicting a 'self-improvement flywheel' could lead to fully autonomous household robots by 2030. He discusses the architecture of vision-language-action models, the critical role of embodiment in solving the data problem, and how robotics will scale faster than self-driving cars.
A technical breakdown and comparison of the architectures, training methodologies, and post-training techniques of three leading open-source models: OpenAI's GPT-OSS, Alibaba's Qwen-3, and DeepSeek V3. The summary explores their different approaches to Mixture-of-Experts, long-context, and attention mechanisms.