An expert overview of post-training techniques for language models, covering the entire workflow from data generation and curation to advanced algorithms like Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), and Reinforcement Learning (RL), along with practical advice on evaluation and iteration.
This talk introduces Anaximander, a system designed to bridge the gap between traditional, GUI-driven Geographic Information System (GIS) workflows and modern, code-heavy machine learning practices. Anaximander integrates geospatial foundation models directly into QGIS, allowing experts to interactively orchestrate, run, and evaluate models for tasks like semantic segmentation and object detection on satellite imagery.
At Applied Compute, efficient Reinforcement Learning is critical for delivering business value. This talk explores the transition from inefficient synchronous RL to a high-throughput asynchronous 'Pipeline RL' system. The core challenge is managing 'staleness'—a side effect of in-flight weight updates that can destabilize training. The speakers detail their first-principles systems model, based on the Roofline model, used to simulate and find the optimal allocation of GPU resources between sampling and training, balancing throughput with algorithmic stability and achieving significant speedups.
Anna Goldie and Azalia Mirhoseini of Ricursive Intelligence discuss how their work on Google's AlphaChip, which used AI to design TPUs, is now being extended to automate the entire chip design process. They explain their vision for a 'designless' industry and a recursive self-improvement loop where AI designs better chips, which in turn accelerates AI development.
This session from Okta and Auth0 introduces a comprehensive framework for securing AI agents, covering identity establishment, delegated API access via Token Vault, user consent for risky operations using Asynchronous Authorization (CIBA), and integration with MCP servers.
A discussion on the evolving cybersecurity landscape, covering the persistent threat of ransomware gangs adapting with AI, the critical failures in identity security highlighted by the Zestix case, the emergence of AI agents as a new class of insider threats, and the physical-world risks demonstrated by hacking humanoid robots.
Nikesh Arora, CEO of Palo Alto Networks, shares his unconventional journey and leadership philosophy. He provides a masterclass in building a multi-platform company through strategic M&A, explains why founders should sometimes ignore customers, and reveals how to lead with conviction while managing imposter syndrome.
Stewart Butterfield, co-founder of Slack and Flickr, shares the product frameworks and leadership principles that guided his success. He delves into concepts like "utility curves" for feature investment, the "owner's delusion" in product design, and why focusing on "comprehension" is often more important than reducing friction. He also introduces powerful mental models for organizational effectiveness, such as combating "hyper-realistic work-like activities" and applying Parkinson's Law to team growth.
Intuit CEO Sasan Goodarzi discusses the operational playbook for reinventing a 40-year-old company, from its slow transition to SaaS to its early adoption of AI. He shares insights on winning the SMB market by treating small businesses like consumers, building effective channel partnerships, and developing a platform strategy. Goodarzi also details his leadership philosophy, emphasizing that grit and curiosity are more critical than raw talent.
University of Oxford Professor Carl Benedikt Frey discusses his book "How Progress Ends," exploring the mechanics of innovation in different economic systems, the limitations of generative AI for true discovery, and the profound impact of AI on the future of work, job displacement, and the skills needed to thrive.
Elias Torres, co-founder of Drift and Agency, discusses the prevalent expectation mismatch in AI adoption, where businesses demand AI but reject it due to "imperfection anxiety." Drawing from his experiences scaling HubSpot and Drift, he explains why human-led customer experience is fundamentally unscalable and details how his new venture, Agency, is building autonomous, AI-first solutions to solve deep, back-end customer challenges. His goal is to "deprogram the entire business world" from inefficient, human-dependent processes.
A novel framework called zk-promises is introduced, enabling stateful anonymous credentials with Turing-complete state machines and asynchronous callbacks. This allows for robust moderation, such as banning or reputation updates, for anonymous users without compromising their privacy, using zk-objects and zero-knowledge proofs to ensure state integrity.
Tom Chothia and George Pavlides discuss how proprietary, uncoordinated features built on top of the core EMV specification by companies like Apple, Google, Square, Visa, and Mastercard lead to significant security vulnerabilities. They detail how these "black box" additions create subtle interactions and mismatches, enabling attacks that bypass authentication, allow high-value fraudulent offline transactions, and leave merchants vulnerable to significant financial loss.
Matt Welsh, former Harvard professor and AI researcher, posits that Large Language Models (LLMs) are not just tools but are evolving into new, general-purpose computers. He argues this signifies the "death of classical computer science," as direct, natural language problem-solving will replace human-written code. This shift promises to democratize computing, moving beyond a "programming priesthood" to empower everyone, while also raising critical challenges regarding job displacement, societal equity, and our adaptation to this powerful technology.
Explore the core tasks of ethical hacking, from vulnerability scanning to red teaming. This guide covers engagement structure, hacker methodologies, key frameworks like MITRE ATT&CK, and the essential tools for cybersecurity professionals.
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